Sunday, April 13, 2008

Crisis Communications

Causes and Characteristics of Crisis
Their are many different types of crisis that can occur in the business world. Some of these crisis are unavoidable and brought on by some natural disaster such as a hurricane, earthquake etc. However certain types of crisis are brought on by negligence or other forms of human error. Human related crisis cannot all be put into the same category. This is because there are situations were the company is clearly at fault such as if negligence is involved and and on the other end there are situations were the company becomes the victim of online information and media. Whatever crisis the company faces they all have some characteristics in common. These include the element of surprise, insufficient information, fast pace of events and eventually intense scrutiny. This is why is so essential to have some sort of plan in place within the company for crisis communications. For many companies it takes a major crisis to occur before they realize the risk of not being prepared for a crisis situation.

Preparing for a Crisis
The most important step for a company in putting together a strategy to be prepared for a crisis is in realizing what can happen if their is a crisis and they have no plan in place. The biggest factor is knowing how crucial it is to take the proper steps in recognizing the crisis and dealing with it accordingly. Some of the factors to look at when designing a crisis communication plan include assessing risk, considering effects on constituents, set ting objectives, analyzing the channel selected to convey the message. Every company should have a formal plan in place in the event that a crisis may occur. If a crisis does occur the company needs to respond quickly and effectively after gathering as much information as possible to avoid speculation.

Related Links
ICM-Essence of Crisis Management-Management Vs. Communication
www.crisisexperts.com/management.htm
Small Business: Developing an Effective Crisis Communications Plan
www.detroitchamber.com/detroiter/articles.asp?cid=103&detcid=431



Business Etiquette

Proper Business Etiquette
Business etiquette and good manners are a matter of making people feel at ease with the situation and the environment. Whether you are having lunch or dinner with your boss or co-workers or just in an unfamiliar business setting, knowing the appropriate etiquette and manners for these situations is essential. Being able to be comfortable and make everyone else feel comfortable by being a good conversationalist can be seen as an asset to many employers. For this reason, many companies use a lunch invitation in their interviewing process. In my personal experiences I have been on interviews were I was taken to lunch by a company in order for them to see first hand, my ability to interact with possible co-workers and to evaluate my conversational abilities. A large part of learning proper business etiquette at a business lunch or dinner is familiarizing yourself with various table service and settings and the order or their use. Other than that I found that just having the basic manners that many people were taught as children by a parent or grandparent was very helpful. I think that the most important thing to remember is that you are making some kind of impression on the people that you are around, ideally you want that impression to be a positive one. This is why learning proper etiquette is so important in the business world.

Related Links
Business Etiquette - More than just Eating with the Right Fork
www.ravenwerks.com/practices/etiquette.htm
Business Etiquette Tips - Etiquette Knowledge Base
www.ryangrpinc.com/etiquette_tips_business.asp
Business etiquette - The Boston Globe
www.boston.com/business/articles/2005/11/13/business_etiquette

Monday, March 31, 2008

Investor / Government Relations

Investor Relations
Companies must always strive to communicate progress in order to maximize shareholder value to the investing public. In order to keep their shareholders happy a companies investor relations goals should include explanations of the company's vision and strategy as well as expectations of company stock. Companies should be concerned with the importance of long term owners' of stock. People want to know what is going on with their investments and convinced that they are investing in the right company. A company should use investor relations to their advantage, marketing to add value to the company stock. Their strategy should address the expectations of both institutional and individual investors. Options are available for companies to establish investor relations from developing an in house function to a contracted outside agency.

Government Relations
Over the years the reach or regulatory agencies in the United States has grown and evolved significantly. Government has a great deal of power to regulate business and protect the citizens through agencies such as the SEC, FCC, CAB, FAA, SOX, ICC, FDA, and many others. Many businesses cannot even begin operation without receiving a license from one of these government regulated agencies. Outside of regulatory agencies, the government also has influence over a number of industries that provide basic necessities for society such as transportation and utility prices. Due to the governments involvement in commercial affairs, companies have turned to lobbying and negotiating with key political people in Washington. In order to have an effect on the decisions being made, companies need to have a business strategy and an internal staff in place that help them to build their position with the lawmakers.

Internal Communications

Diversity in the workplace
Communication within corporate organizations is becomming more and more difficult due to many different forms of diversity that exist within most companies. Increasingly in today's constantly changing global knowledge based economy companies are realizing the need to familiarize themselves with different cultures within their internal structure, reevaluate their managment practices and close the generation gaps among their employees in order to become financially successful and remain competitive. A helpful tool in exposing employees to a global workplace is training. There are many different types of intercultural training approaches that companies use to better introduce the rules of global business. However a company decides to train their employees, every company should have some type of international business training or program for learining about the different cultures that they interact with.

Related Links
A template of an internal communication plan
www.internalcommshub.com/open/strategy/asktheexpert/strategyQ4.shtml
Internal Communication Strategies - The Neglected Strategic Element ...
www.performance-appraisals.org/.../articles/comstrat.htm








Sunday, March 23, 2008

Media Relations

Media Relations
Media relations have become a vital part of any company's success due to an increase in public and media interest. Unfortunately for many companies, what usually makes the best selling stories are the negative aspects. The good things that a company does are many times overlooked. What the public looks for in the media is reporting on corrupt business practices. Companies are realizing that in order to stay competitive they must build better relationships with the media and take time to get to know the right people in the media. If a company is prepared and cooperative with the media they may be able to get a more positive impression out.

Responding to Media Calls
Responding to media calls is a very important part of getting to know the right people in the media and strengthining their relationship. Not responding to media calls can be a mistake for a company. When recieving media calls the calls should be directed to a central receptionist. When taking the call the receptionist should try to get as much information as possible about the reporter and establish what angle the reporter is trying to take with the story. Another important thing that the company should consider is that reporters have deadlines and the company should try to be prompt with a response in order to meet the reporter's deadline.

Preparing for Interviews
After agreeing to do an interview with a reporter their are a number of things that a company should consider. These include a briefing on the reporter's prior work, a possible set of questions and responses that my should be addressed, interesting approaches to conveying their message, and the executive needs to practice and be prepared to state key ideas clearly.

Adolph Coors Company
When it comes to the Adolf Coors Case I feel that Richard should focus on the problem that 60 Minutes would probably do the story with or without the cooperation of Coors. So far the only insight that 60 minutes has acquired was that of David Sickler who was a major player in organizing the boycott against Coors for the AFL-CIO. She should also consider the fact that the reporter assigned to the story was known for significant clashes with big businesses. However, I feel that Shirley Richard should encourage the Coors brothers to go on 60 minutes. This is because at least if they went on the show and defended their position, it would give the viewers a chance to draw their own conclusions.

Corporate vs. Product Advertising

Corporate Advertising
Corporate advertising is different than product advertising in many ways. The first difference is that corporate advertising is focused on a companies identity and image. Though costly, corporate advertising is effective and can reach a large group of people rather quickly. A companies corporate advertising strategy usually focuses on one of three motives. These include: reinforcement or enhancement of a companies reputation, informing the public in order to attract investment or assure constituents, and advertising to influence people's opinion of the company after they have been exposed to external threats. An effective corporate advertising campaign can help a corporation to improve financially by increasing sales, creating a stronger reputation, and recruiting and retaining employees.

Personal Opinion
In my opinion corporate advertising can be positive or negative for a company. If a company focuses their corporate advertising campaign on their overall communication strategy the company may be successful in creating a stronger image or improving their reputation. However, when it comes to issue or advocacy advertising many companies create messages to deal with controversial subjects and challeges from the external environment. This can be risky becasue they may create an impression with the constituents and the public that they are not taking responsibility for their actions or that they are hidding behind the positive aspects of the company.

Related Links

THE MEDIA BUSINESS: Advertising; An increase in corporate ...
www.query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE1D8173CF93BA25752C0A963958260 - 43k.

Tuesday, March 04, 2008

Identity, Image, and Reputation

Identity and Image
A company's identity and image are very powerful differentiators in today's market because they may be the single deciding factors for a person to choose one company over the next. A corporation's identity and image are very different. Corporate image is the image of the company as seen through the eyes of its customers, shareholders, employees, communities and others. A corporation's identity is made up of their defining attributes such as its people, products or services that it offers and is constructed by the company itself. The identity may be established by the company through the use of a visual representation of the organization's name, logo, motto, products, services, uniforms and etc.

Building a Solid Reputation
A positive reputation is important to a corporation because it brings attention to the attractive features that they want to be known for and unlike a corportate image, reputation is established over time. Companies that have a positive reputaion have a competitive advantage over companies that do not have as strong of a reputation or no reputation at all. A good reputation can enable a corporation to attract loyal customers and lasting relationships.

Related Links
Corporate Identity - IMPORTANCE OF CORPORATE IMAGE, THEORY OF ...
http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/encyclopedia/Con-Cos/Corporate-Identity.html%20-%2044k%20-
Economist's View: The Value of a Progressive Corporate Image
http://www.economistsview.typepad.com/economistsview/2007/04/the_value_of_a_.html%20-%2071k%20-

Tuesday, February 05, 2008

Corporate Communication Relevance

Functions of Corporate Communications
A corporation should put a great deal of thought into the functions that are important to them as far as communication goes. The most important function of communication for many companies is reputation management. Reputation management is important because a company's reputation is created based on how the people view the company and a bad reputation can destroy an organization. Other important functions include advertising, media relations, marketing, internal communications, investor relations, social responsiblity, government relations, and crisis management. All of these aspects can have a positive or negative effect on a company depending on how the company utilizes them.

Personal Opinion:
Coporate communications plays a very relevant role in the success of companies today. Through the use of communications professionals, many companies are able to better influence the public's view about them or down play their mistakes. The communication strategy of a company should be very closely related to the strategy of the company as a whole. In order for a company to successfully create a communication strategy it must center it around and support its mission and vision. Corporate communications are and will continue to be relevant for corporations to understand and be able to keep up with. This is especially true with growing technology and the rapid spread of information and news.

Related Links:
Relevant Communications - Communicating With Relevance
http://www.relevantcommunications.com/whyrelevance/relevanceinuse.htm%20-%2014k%20-.

Communication Technologies

Communication Technologies
Technology has had a huge effect on how we communicate. Communication channels around the world are much stronger now than they used to be and multinational companies are growing rapidly as a result. It is much easier to get a message over seas now than it used to be and companies are taking advantage of the new business opportunities. The old channels of communcation were as narrow as writing and speaking as the main forms of communication. Now new channels of communication have come about with the introduction of new technologies into the busniess world. Some of these channels include; fax machines, e-mail, voice mail, web conferencing, video conferencing, external web sites, intranets, and weblogs. These continual advances in technology have also had a negative effect on some businesses. Word spreads much faster now than in the past and more efficiently. With the explosion of the "global village" came the creation of ani-globalization groups, protests against global expansion and the growing concern about the security of American jobs.

Personal Opinion
I feel that technology is changing the way that everyone does things. I hardley know anyone that does not own a cell phone or have an e-mail address. Anymore, everything is about convienience. Many business transactions such as banking or shopping can be done over the internet without even leaving your house.

Related Links
The Professional Bond - Communication Technology
www.commpred.org/report/communicationTechnology.html
What's Next In Science & Technology - Category: Communication
www.whatsnextnetwork.com/technology/index.php?cat=32

Communication Theory

Communication Theory
The idea of communication has been around for thousands of years and was first referred to as "rhetoric." In Aristotle's early studies "The Art of Rhetoric," the early forms of communication are seen in his description of the composition of a speech and its three parts. However, the three parts that make up communication for a company are different than a speech. The aspects of communication for a company involve: the organization, the constituency, and the message.

Claude E. Shannon
Claude E. Shannon is known as the father of information theory. Over the many years that Claude E. Shannon studied information theory he published a number of very influential theories that are still being used today. A few of these included; “A Mathematical Theory of Communication, Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems and A Symbolic Analysis of Relay and Switching Circuits." In his writing of "A Mathematical Theory of Communications," Shannon states that, “The fundamental problem of communication is that of reproducing at one point either exactly or approximately a message selected at another point." He later went on to publish many other theories and studies on communication that were influential in breaking codes in World War Two, and were the reason for some of the earliest artificial intelligence.

Related links
Communication Theories
www.nvcc.edu/TVCENTER/Communication_Theories.htm.
Defining Communication Theories
www.mhhe.com/mayfieldpub/westturner/student_resources/theories.htm
Claude Shannon
www.nyu.edu/pages/linguistics/courses/v610003/shan.html







Tuesday, January 29, 2008

Strategic Communications

Developing Strategies for Corporate Communications
In order for a company to set an organizational strategy effectively they must first determine what their objectives are. Objectives for communication are important to consider because the message that the company is trying to get across may make a difference in how they should communicate it. The next aspect of communication that the company should consider is the resources that are available such as money, time etc. These are important because certain types of constraints may exist in these areas and if these constraints are not addressed properly the message may come out incomplete or inaccurate. The last aspect of an effective communication strategy is to take into consideration the reputation of the company. A corporations reputation is not always based primarily on fact. Instead it is based on the public perception of the corporation. A company must always think of the ramifications of certain actions or comments and making sure that the message is delivered in the manor that it was meant to be.

Personal opinion
In my opinion the most important aspect of strategic communications is the message itself. The message that the company wants to get across is essential in the rest of the decisions about communications that it will need to make. Ensuring the proper message is being sent helps them to make sure that they get the desired response from the people to whom the message is intended.

Links to Related articles
The ABCs of Strategic Communications
http://www.gse.harvard.edu/hfrp/eval/issue16/sparks.html
NASA’s strategic communications problem
http://www.thespacereview.com/article/580/1
The Strategic Communications Resource Library
http://www.strategiccomm.com/resources.html

Changing Enviroment of Business

Attitudes toward American Business, and the Changes Throughout the Years
Throughout the years, the public opinions of corporations in the United States have been predominately negative. From the 1860's with the creation of the railroad and the hazardous and strenuous working conditions that came with the high demand for steel at the time. This continued through the Industrial Revolution and the Great Depression when big businesses were seen as corrupt. Between the 1940's and the 1960's the public opinion of corporations made a positive comeback. This was due in large part to World War Two and the return of the industrial economy. By the 1970's, trust in institutions was at an all time low due to the Vietnam war, Watergate, and the oil embargo. Since then the downward spiral of public opinions of corporations has yet to let up, even when the the markets reach enormous gains. The public in recent years has seen the turmoil associated with companies like Enron and other large corporations engaged in fraudulent activities and the media has played a huge role in this.


Technology: the Internet, Dot.com, and the Global Village
Other major changes in the Business environment came about with technology, such as the creation of the Internet, dot.coms and the global village. Times have changed since the days of the Industrial Revolution, and the Great Depression. For example, there are televisions in just about every house in the country making the media a huge contributor to public opinion. Technology has done a great deal of good for many businesses, allowing them to grow and expand far beyond the United States with the ease of global communications. National borders are a thing of the past with an increase of cross-border corporate mergers and many companies expanding into multinational corporations.

Personal Opinion:
In my personal opinion the negative perceptions that the public places on large corporations comes from bad publicity from their own mistakes or lack of having the proper communication. The media has the ability to blow things out of proportion, however corporations should be prepared to rebut allegations so as to keep a positive reputation in the view of the public. As far as technology is involved, it has made communications for corporations much better, internally and externally. Corporations should learn about new ways of communicating and take advantage.

Links to Related Articles
The Changing Business Environment Requires the Windchill Approach
http://www.cadinfo.net/editorial/WindchillCPC.htm
American Drug Companies Out of Sync With Public Opinion on Their Ethics, Opinion Researchers Report
http://www.csrwire.com/PressRelease.php?id=3570